The 49-year-old Armour, a two-time PGA Tour winner, began the day with a five-stroke lead over Rich Beem. But Armour finished regulation with a 4-over 76.
Simpson, a former U.S. Open champion, finished with a 70 after beginning the final round trailing Armour by six shots.
MacKenzie, a former Nationwide Tour player without tour status for 2009, rallied from a nine-shot deficit with a final-round 67.
''I hit some shots that were close to being really good,'' said Armour. ''They just didn't turn out to be that good. But that's part of the inner battle of winning a golf tournament.''
The 37th annual event featured players from the four major tours. Champions Tour and women pros received tee shot advantages.
LPGA
Ji-Yai Shin , this summer's British Open champion, held off Karrie Webb and an ailing Paula Creamer to win the ADT Championship with a final round 2-under par 70 in West Palm Beach, Fla. She captured the $1 million winner's prize, by far the biggest on tour, after a four-birdie, two-bogey day.
Webb finished one shot back and Creamer, who spent Saturday night in the hospital because of an inflamed abdominal wall, finished tied for third with Seon Hwa Lee after both shot 74s.
Creamer needed to win Sunday to finish atop the money list, something no American player has done since Betsy King in 1993. Instead, Lorena Ochoa - who didn't qualify for the weekend at ADT - finished with the money title with $2,762,660.
Pebble Beach Invitational
x-Tommy Armour III -12
Brock Mackenzie -12
Scott Simpson -12
Tommy Purtzer -11
x-won on first hole of playoff


