Myanmar opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi, center, receives flowers from supporters as she arrives at Yangon International Airport before her departure for Bangkok on Tuesday, May 29, 2012, in Yangon, Myanmar. (AP Photo/Khin Maung Win) This image made from amateur video released by Shaam News Network and accessed Saturday, May 26, 2012 purports to show covered bodies after a government assault on Houla, Syria. Government troops shelled a string of villages in central Syria before pro-regime thugs swept through the area, shooting people in the streets and in their homes in attacks that killed more than 90 people, activists said Saturday. The assault on Houla, an area northwest of the central city of Homs, is one of the bloodiest single events in Syria's 15-month-old uprising. (AP Photo/Shaam News Network via AP video) TV OUT, THE ASSOCIATED PRESS CANNOT INDEPENDENTLY VERIFY THE CONTENT, DATE, LOCATION OR AUTHENTICITY OF THIS MATERIAL John Edwards arrives at a federal courthouse for the seventh day of jury deliberations in his trial on charges of campaign corruption in Greensboro, N.C., Tuesday, May 29, 2012. The former U.S. presidential candidate faces six felony charges in a case involving nearly $1 million provided by two political donors to help hide the Democrat's pregnant mistress as he sought the White House in 2008. (AP Photo/Chuck Burton) A collapsed church is seen in Mirandola, northern Italy, Tuesday, May 29, 2012.  A magnitude 5.8 earthquake struck the same area of northern Italy stricken by another fatal tremor on May 20. (AP Photo/Marco Vasini) A dog walks amid debris of a collapsed factory in Mirandola, northern Italy, Tuesday, May 29, 2012. A magnitude 5.8 earthquake struck the same area of northern Italy stricken by another fatal tremor on May 20. (AP Photo/Marco Vasini) People react in front of the destroyed BBG industrial moldings building in Mirandola, northern Italy, Tuesday, May 29, 2012. A magnitude 5.8 earthquake struck the same area of northern Italy stricken by another fatal tremor on May 20.  (AP Photo/Luca Bruno) Myanmar opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi, center, arrives at Yangon International Airport to depart for Bangkok Tuesday, May 29, 2012, in Yangon, Myanmar. Suu Kyi is to spend several days in Thailand, meeting with poor migrant workers and war refugees from her homeland, as well as international movers and shakers at the the World Economic Forum on East Asia.   (AP Photo/Khin Maung Win) President Barack Obama presents rock legend Bob Dylan with a Medal of Freedom, Tuesday, May 29, 2012, during a ceremony at the White House in Washington. (AP Photo/Charles Dharapak) A model wears a creation from the Oestudio summer collection at Fashion Rio in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Saturday, May 26, 2012. (AP Photo/Felipe Dana) Baylor catcher Josh Ludy cannot catch a foul ball hit by Oklahoma's Jack Mayfield in the fifth inning of a Big 12 conference tournament baseball game in Oklahoma City, Saturday, May 26, 2012. Oklahoma won 7-2. (AP Photo/Sue Ogrocki) Serena Williams of the US kneels on the clay in her first round match against Virginie Razzano of France at the French Open tennis tournament in Roland Garros stadium in Paris, Tuesday May 29, 2012. Razzano won in three sets, 6-4, 6-7. 3-6. (AP Photo/Christophe Ena) A model wears a creation from the Oestudio summer collection at Fashion Rio in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Saturday, May 26, 2012. (AP Photo/Felipe Dana) Virginie Razzano of France celebrates defeating Serena Williams of the U.S. as referee Eva Asderaki of Greece, right,  calls the matchball out at the end the first round match at the French Open tennis tournament in Roland Garros stadium in Paris, Tuesday May 29, 2012. Razzano won in three sets, 6-4, 6-7. 3-6. (AP Photo/Christophe Ena) Virginie Razzano of France celebrates defeating Serena Williams of the U.S. as referee Eva Asderaki of Greece, right,  calls the matchball in at the end the first round match at the French Open tennis tournament in Roland Garros stadium in Paris, Tuesday May 29, 2012. Razzano won in three sets, 6-4, 6-7. 3-6. (AP Photo/Christophe Ena) USA's Serena Williams reacts shortly before losing to France's Virginie Razzano during their first round match in the French Open tennis tournament at the Roland Garros stadium in Paris, Tuesday, May 29, 2012. (AP Photo/David Vincent) Loyola's Mike Sawyer, left, is slapped in the head by Notre Dame's Stephen O'Hara in the fourth quarter of their semifinal game in the NCAA Division I college men's lacrosse championship at Gillette Stadium in Foxborough, Mass., Saturday, May 26, 2012. (AP Photo/Gretchen Ertl) Baylor catcher Josh Ludy cannot catch a foul ball hit by Oklahoma's Jack Mayfield in the fifth inning of a Big 12 conference tournament baseball game in Oklahoma City, Saturday, May 26, 2012. Oklahoma won 7-2. (AP Photo/Sue Ogrocki) Italy's Francesca Schiavone returns the ball to Japan's Kimiko Date-Krumm  during their first round match in the French Open tennis tournament at the Roland Garros stadium in Paris, Tuesday, May 29, 2012. (AP Photo/Christophe Ena) A formation of U.S. Navy Blue Angel fighter jets perform a flyover above graduating Midshipmen during the United States Naval Academy graduation and commissioning ceremonies in Annapolis, Md., Tuesday, May 29, 2012. (AP Photo/Patrick Semansky) Argentina's Lionel Messi, second from right, poses for photos with students after a training session in Buenos Aires, Argentina, Tuesday, May 29, 2012. Argentina will face Ecuador in a 2014 World Cup qualifying soccer match in Buenos Aires on June 2.  (AP Photo/Natacha Pisarenko) Smoke rises above the Villaggio Mall, in Doha's west end, as a fire took hold of the upscale mall in the Qatari capital of Doha Monday May 28, 2012. Qatar's Interior Ministry said 13 children were among 19 people killed in a fire that broke out at one of the Gulf state's fanciest shopping mall on Monday. The Villaggio opened in 2006 and is one of Qatar's most popular shopping and amusement destinations. It includes an ice skating rink and indoor Venice-style gondola rides. (AP Photo/Osama Faisal) The father of a child killed after a fire took hold of the Villaggio Mall, in Doha's west end is comforted in the Qatari capital of Doha Monday May 28, 2012. Qatar's Interior Ministry said 13 children were among 19 people killed in a fire that broke out at one of the Gulf state's fanciest shopping mall on Monday. The Villaggio opened in 2006 and is one of Qatar's most popular shopping and amusement destinations. It includes an ice skating rink and indoor Venice-style gondola rides. (AP Photo/Osama Faisal) A man trying to catch a young wild stallion in Duelmen, Germany, Saturday, May 26, 2012. It is believed that this is the last herd of wild horses on the European continent in this 350 hectare reservation in western Germany, where more than 300 of the indigenous horses stay free and wild without any care under the protection of the Duke of Croy. Only once a year the new born stallions are caught and sold, all mares stay with the herd and guarantee the survive of the endangered species.  (AP Photo/Martin Meissner) Young men catch young wild stallions in Duelmen, Germany, Saturday, May 26, 2012. It is believed that this is the last herd of wild horses on the European continent in this 350 hectare reservation in western Germany, where more than 300 of the indigenous horses stay free and wild without any care under the protection of the Duke of Croy. Only once a year the new born stallions are caught and sold, all mares stay with the herd and guarantee the survive of the endangered species.  (AP Photo/Martin Meissner) Serena Williams of the U.S. returns in her first round match against Virginie Razzano of France at the French Open tennis tournament in Roland Garros stadium in Paris, Tuesday May 29, 2012. (AP Photo/Christophe Ena) A woman holds an umbrella to make shade for an elderly woman laying on a bench after she was evacuated from a nearby hospital, in Mirandola, northern Italy, Tuesday, May 29, 2012. A powerful earthquake killed at least 15 people and left 200 injured Tuesday as it rocked a swath of northern Italy hit just nine days ago. Factories, warehouses and churches collapsed, dealing a second blow to a region where thousands remained homeless from the previous, stronger temblor . The 5.8 magnitude quake left 14,000 people homeless in the Emilia Romagna region north of Bologna, one of Italy’s most agriculturally and industrially productive areas.  (AP Photo/Marco Vasini) Elderly people lay on their beds after they were evacuated from the nearby hospital, in Mirandola, northern Italy, Tuesday, May 29, 2012. A powerful earthquake killed at least 15 people and left 200 injured Tuesday as it rocked a swath of northern Italy hit just nine days ago. Factories, warehouses and churches collapsed, dealing a second blow to a region where thousands remained homeless from the previous, stronger temblor . The 5.8 magnitude quake left 14,000 people homeless in the Emilia Romagna region north of Bologna, one of Italy’s most agriculturally and industrially productive areas.  (AP Photo/Marco Vasini) Pressure from the morning rain storm forces water past a levitating manhole cover in Cherokee Park in Louisville, Ky., Tuesday, May 29, 2012. Strong thunderstorms rumbled across Louisville and other parts of Kentucky on Tuesday morning, dumping heavy rain. The University of Louisville was swamped by flash flooding. (AP Photo/The Courier Journal, Michael Clevenger)  NO SALES, NO ARCHIVE, MAGS OUT In this photo taken on Monday, May 21, 2012, an elderly Egyptian woman sits next to a graveyard where she lives in a necropolis called the City of the Dead, in Cairo, Egypt.  The City of the Dead is a 4 mile (6.4 kilometer) long necropolis where thousands of Egyptians are forced to live and work alongside graves due to the scarcity of housing in the capital. (AP Photo/Khalil Hamra) Mohammed Morsi, the Muslim Brotherhood's presidential candidate, is surrounded by reporters in Cairo, Egypt, Saturday, May 26, 2012. Results from the first round of voting have shown that the Muslim Brotherhood's candidate Mohammed Morsi and Hosni Mubarak's last prime minister Ahmed Shafiq will face each other in a June 16-17 runoff.(AP Photo/Ahmed Gomaa) French President Francois Hollande waits for the arrival of Benin and African Union President Thomas Boni Yayi, at the Elysee Palace in Paris, Tuesday May 29, 2012. Francois Hollande says Syria's ambassador is being expelled amid continuing violence by Syrian government forces against civilians and opposition members.  (AP Photo Jacques Brinon) Repsol president Antonio Brufau gestures during a press conference in Madrid, Spain, Tuesday, May 29, 2012 to present the company's strategic future plans.  (AP Photo/Alberto Di Lolli) Bosnian Muslims pray during a mass funeral in the eastern Bosnian town of Visegrad, 110 kms east of Sarajevo,on Saturday, May 26, 2012. Thousands have gathered in the eastern Bosnian town of Visegrad to bury the remains of 66 Muslim Bosniaks killed and thrown into the river by Bosnian Serb forces at the start of the country's 1992-95 war.The victims' remains were discovered two years ago, when a manmade lake that divides Bosnia and Serbia was partially drained for the maintenance of a dam. They were identified through DNA analysis and buried on Saturday at a cemetery in Visegrad. (AP Photo/Amel Emric) Bosnian Muslims toss 3,000 roses into the River of Drina, each representing people killed in the 1992-95 war, in the eastern Bosnian town of Visegrad, 110 kms east of Sarajevo,on Saturday, May 26, 2012.Thousands have gathered in the eastern Bosnian town of Visegrad to bury the remains of 66 Muslim Bosniaks killed and thrown into the river by Bosnian Serb forces at the start of the country's 1992-95 war.The victims' remains were discovered two years ago, when a manmade lake that divides Bosnia and Serbia was partially drained for the maintenance of a dam. They were identified through DNA analysis and buried on Saturday at a cemetery in Visegrad. (AP Photo/Amel Emric) Rafael Nadal of Spain returns in his first round match against Simone Bolelli of Italy at the French Open tennis tournament in Roland Garros stadium in Paris, Tuesday May 29, 2012. (AP Photo/Christophe Ena) Italian firefighters and a dog search the debris of a collapsed house in Cavezzo, northern Italy, Tuesday, May 29, 2012. A powerful earthquake killed at least 15 people Tuesday as it rocked a swath of northern Italy. Factories, warehouses and churches collapsed, dealing another blow to a region where thousands are still homeless from a stronger temblor just nine days ago. The 5.8 magnitude quake drove thousands more from their homes in the Emilia Romagna region north of Bologna, one of Italy’s most agriculturally and industrial productive areas.  (AP Photo/Marco Vasini) An image taken with a fisheye lens shows ball boys resting in an underground press area at Suzanne Lenglen court at the French Open tennis tournament in Roland Garros stadium in Paris, Tuesday May 29, 2012. (AP Photo/Michel Spingler) Kolkata Knight Riders team members and officials, bottom, greet the crowd as they take a victory lap during a reception accorded to them at the Eden Gardens stadium in Kolkata, India, Tuesday, May 29, 2012.  Kolkata Knight Riders won the Indian Premier League cricket title on Sunday, defeating two-time defending champion Chennai Super Kings by five wickets in a high-scoring final. (AP Photo/Bikas Das) An Indian laborer loads his donkey with stones on a warm morning in New Delhi, India, Tuesday, May 29, 2012. The temperature in the Indian capital soared in recent days reaching 43 degrees Celsius (109 degrees Fahrenheit). (AP Photo/Kevin Frayer) Lesotho voters wait outside a polling station in the Machache district of Lesotho, some 60 kms (40 miles) east of the capital Maseru, Saturday May 26, 2012. Voters in the tiny southern African mountain kingdom of Lesotho go to the polls Saturday to elect a new government. (AP Photo/Jerome Delay) France's Richard Gasquet returns the ball to Estonia's Jurgen Zopp during their first round match in the French Open tennis tournament at the Roland Garros stadium in Paris, Tuesday, May 29, 2012. (AP Photo/Christophe Ena) An Italian policeman helps a woman and her baby during an earth tremor in Mirandola, northern Italy, Tuesday, May 29, 2012. A magnitude 5.8 earthquake struck northern Italy on Tuesday, killing at least 10 people as factories, warehouses and a church collapsed in the same region still struggling to recover from another deadly tremor nine days ago.  (AP Photo/Marco Vasini) An Indian migrant laborer washes himself as he cools off on a warm morning in New Delhi, India, Tuesday, May 29, 2012.  The temperature in the Indian capital soared in recent days reaching 43 degrees Celsius (109 degrees Fahrenheit). (AP Photo/Kevin Frayer) An Indian mango vendor drinks a glass of water he bought in the street on a warm morning in New Delhi, India, Tuesday, May 29, 2012. The temperature in the Indian capital soared in recent days reaching 43 degrees Celsius (109 degrees Fahrenheit).(AP Photo/Kevin Frayer) People react in front of the destroyed BBG industrial moldings building in Mirandola, northern Italy, Tuesday, May 29, 2012. Second from left is Mr.Borghi who lost his son in the building. A magnitude 5.8 earthquake struck northern Italy on Tuesday, killing at least 10 people as factories, warehouses and a church collapsed in the same region still struggling to recover from another deadly tremor nine days ago.  (AP Photo/Luca Bruno) A girl is dressed as the character "Snow White" during the Disney Princess Academy makeover at a major shopping mall on Tuesday May 29, 2012 in Singapore. Retailers are taking advantage of the school holiday as well as the Great Singapore Sale season to spruce sales figures by targeting different market groups in creative ways such as this, where young girls can get a chance to choose to be their favorite Disney princess character and go through a makeover and photography session for a fee.(AP Photo/Wong Maye-E) Mr. Borghi who lost his son in the building embraces his wife in front of the destroyed BBG industrial moldings in Mirandola, northern Italy, Tuesday, May 29, 2012. A magnitude 5.8 earthquake struck northern Italy on Tuesday, killing at least 10 people as factories, warehouses and a church collapsed in the same region still struggling to recover from another deadly tremor nine days ago.  (AP Photo/Luca Bruno) A disabled Indian man stands with crutches as he begs for alms outside a Hindu Temple on a warm morning in New Delhi, India, Tuesday, May 29, 2012. The temperature in the Indian capital soared in recent days reaching 43 degrees Celsius (109 degrees Fahrenheit).(AP Photo/Kevin Frayer) A cook takes a smoke break outside a restaurant in Beijing Tuesday, May 29, 2012. China is rolling out a mini-stimulus to fight its economic slump but is moving cautiously after its massive response to the 2008 global crisis left a painful hangover of inflation and debt. (AP Photo/Ng Han Guan) Actor Robert Pattinson poses for portraits during the 65th international film festival, in Cannes, southern France, Saturday, May 26, 2012. (AP Photo/Joel Ryan) Spain's Nicolas Almagro reacts after defeating US's Brian Baker in the final of the Nice ATP tennis tournament, Saturday, May 26, 2012 in Nice, southern France. (AP Photo/Christian Alminana) The scene of the explosion  on a busy road in downtown Nairobi, Kenya, Monday, May 28, 2012. An apparent explosion ripped through a building, full of small shops in downtown Nairobi on Monday, wounding an unknown number of people. The force of the blast ripped apart the one-story building's aluminum roof, but a high-rise building with a glass exterior right next to the blast did not appear to sustain major damage.  There was no immediate word on casualties or what caused the blast. (AP Photo/Sayyid Azim) The hair of Maria Sharapova of Russia flies as she returns in her first round match against Alexandra Cadantu of Romania at the French Open tennis tournament in Roland Garros stadium in Paris, Tuesday May 29, 2012. (AP Photo/Michel Spingler) Israelis dance during a party in a club of Tel Aviv to celebrate the arrival of Madonna in Israel, early Saturday, May 26, 2012. The Madonna 2012 World Tour will start on May 29 in Tel Aviv. (AP Photo/Dan Balilty) In this Tuesday, May 1, 2012 photo, a herder stands on an empty water trough as he surveys his animals, in the village of Mbelone in the Matam region of northeastern Senegal. Some residents spend hours each day pulling up water bucket by bucket from the village's 75-meter deep well, but the well isn't always able to produce enough water for the daily needs of the residents and their herds of cattle and other livestock. Since late 2011, aid groups have been sounding the alarm, warning that devastating drought has again weakened communities where children already live perilously close to the edge of malnutrition. The situation is most severe in Niger, Chad and in Mali, but this time it has also pervaded northern Senegal, the most prosperous and stable country in the Sahel. (AP Photo/Rebecca Blackwell) In this Monday, April 30, 2012 photo, people walk past a dry seasonal riverbed in the Matam region of northeastern Senegal. Since late 2011, aid groups have been sounding the alarm, warning that devastating drought has again weakened communities where children already live perilously close to the edge of malnutrition. The situation is most severe in Niger, Chad and in Mali, but this time it has also pervaded northern Senegal, the most prosperous and stable country in the Sahel. (AP Photo/Rebecca Blackwell) In this Tuesday, May 1, 2012 photo, Maryam Sy comforts her 2-year-old son Aliou Seyni Diallo, the youngest of nine, after a neighbor gave him dry couscous to stop him from crying with hunger, in the village of Goudoude Diobe, in the Matam region of northeastern Senegal. Since late 2011, aid groups have been sounding the alarm, warning that devastating drought has again weakened communities where children already live perilously close to the edge of malnutrition. The situation is most severe in Niger, Chad and in Mali, but this time it has also pervaded northern Senegal, the most prosperous and stable country in the Sahel. (AP Photo/Rebecca Blackwell) In this Tuesday, May 1, 2012 photo, 2-year-old Aliou Seyni Diallo collapses in tears after not eating since the day before, in the village of Goudoude Diobe, in the Matam region of northeastern Senegal. A neighbor stepped in to help Aliou's struggling mother, giving the boy a bowl of dry couscous to stop his tears. Since late 2011, aid groups have been sounding the alarm, warning that devastating drought has again weakened communities where children already live perilously close to the edge of malnutrition.The situation is most severe in Niger, Chad and in Mali, but this time it has also pervaded northern Senegal, the most prosperous and stable country in the Sahel. (AP Photo/Rebecca Blackwell) Kashmiri government employees shout slogans against the government as during a protest in Srinagar, India, Saturday, May 26, 2012. Police detained hundreds of government employees during a protest called by the workers union demanding regularization of contractual jobs and a hike in wages. (AP Photo/ Dar Yasin) Egyptian presidential candidate Ahmed Shafiq speaks to the media during a press conference at his office in Cairo, Egypt, Saturday, May 26, 2012. Egyptian presidential candidate Ahmed Shafiq paid tribute Saturday to the "glorious revolution" that toppled Hosni Mubarak, a dramatic turn-around for the former regime official who fought his way into the runoff elections by appealing to public disenchantment with last year's uprising. (AP Photo/Khalil Hamra) Egyptian presidential candidate Ahmed Shafiq is seen before a press conference at his office in Cairo, Egypt, Saturday, May 26, 2012. Egyptian presidential candidate Ahmed Shafiq paid tribute Saturday to the "glorious revolution" that toppled Hosni Mubarak, a dramatic turn-around for the former regime official who fought his way into the runoff elections by appealing to public disenchantment with last year's uprising. (AP Photo/Khalil Hamra) New Jersey Devils' Adam Henrique celebrates after scoring against the New York Rangers in overtime of Game 6 of the NHL hockey Stanley Cup Eastern Conference finals Friday, May 25, 2012, in Newark, N.J. The Devils won 3-2, and advanced to the Stanley Cup finals. (AP Photo/Frank Franklin II) New Jersey Devils goalie Martin Brodeur, right, and New York Rangers goalie Henrik Lundqvist, of Sweden, talk after Game 6 of the NHL hockey Stanley Cup Eastern Conference finals, Friday, May 25, 2012, in Newark, N.J. The Devils won 3-2, and advanced to the Stanley Cup finals. (AP Photo/Julio Cortez) Members of the Nepal Federation of Indigenous Nationalities hold a demonstration near the Constitution Assembly building in Katmandu, Nepal, Saturday, May 26, 2012. They demanded that states proposed in the new constitution be determined on the basis of ethnic groups. (AP Photo/Niranjan Shrestha) England's Luke Donald poses with the trophy after winning the PGA Championship at the Wentworth golf club, Virginia Water, England, Sunday May 27, 2012. (AP Photo/Tim Hales) A Lesotho man walks to the polling stating at the Mpho primary school in Maseru, Lesotho, Saturday May 26, 2012. Voters in the tiny southern African mountain kingdom of Lesotho go to the polls Saturday to elect a new government. (AP Photo/Jerome Delay) A body covered with a sheet lies on the street in Hyvinkaa, Finland, Saturday May 26, 2012. A gunman in southern Finland has killed one person and wounded eight others in what appeared to be a random shooting, police said Saturday. (AP Photo/Lehtikuva/Sari Gustafsson)  FINLAND OUT Actress Reese Witherspoon, smiles during a press conference for Mud at the 65th international film festival, in Cannes, southern France, Saturday, May 26, 2012. (AP Photo/Lionel Cironneau) The revolutionary youth of Egypt return to Tahrir Square to protest the outcome of the Egyptian presidential election, Cairo, Egypt, Monday May 28, 2012. The runoff vote for Egypt's next president will pit the Muslim Brotherhood's candidate against the last prime minister to serve under Hosni Mubarak, according to full official results released Monday by the election commission. Commission chief Farouq Sultan told a news conference that the Brotherhood's Mohammed Morsi and Ahmed Shafiq, a former air force commander and a longtime friend of the ousted leader, were the top two finishers in the first round of voting held on May 23-24. (AP Photo/Fredrik Persson) The revolutionary youth of Egypt return to Tahrir to protest the outcome of the Egyptian presidential election, Cairo, Egypt, Monday May 28, 2012. The runoff vote for Egypt's next president will pit the Muslim Brotherhood's candidate against the last prime minister to serve under Hosni Mubarak, according to full official results released Monday by the election commission. Commission chief Farouq Sultan told a news conference that the Brotherhood's Mohammed Morsi and Ahmed Shafiq, a former air force commander and a longtime friend of the ousted leader, were the top two finishers in the first round of voting held on May 23-24. (AP Photo/Fredrik Persson) Yemenis hold candles during a rally to commemorate soldiers who were killed in a suicide bomb attack last week in Sanaa, Yemen, Monday, May 28, 2012. A Yemeni soldier who detonated a bomb hidden in his uniform during a rehearsal for a military parade has killed nearly 100 fellow soldiers and wounded more than 200 on May 21, 2012. The Arabic writing on the placards at left reads,"we will not allow you al-Qaida to kill our dreams," and at right,"our soldiers are our sons, what hurt to them hurt to us, we will not let them down and they will not let us down." (AP Photo/Hani Mohammed) Republican presidential candidate, former Massachusetts Gov. Mitt Romney, center, Sen. John McCain, R-Ariz., right, and San Diego Veteran of the year Marine David Dickey stand together during a campaign stop at the Veterans Museum & Memorial Center, Monday, May 28, 2012 in San Diego.  (AP Photo/Mary Altaffer)